线程的状态

参考定义 java.lang.Thread.State

public enum State {
    /**
     * Thread state for a thread which has not yet started.
     */
    NEW,

    /**
     * Thread state for a runnable thread.  A thread in the runnable
     * state is executing in the Java virtual machine but it may
     * be waiting for other resources from the operating system
     * such as processor.
     */
    RUNNABLE,

    /**
     * Thread state for a thread blocked waiting for a monitor lock.
     * A thread in the blocked state is waiting for a monitor lock
     * to enter a synchronized block/method or
     * reenter a synchronized block/method after calling
     * {@link Object#wait() Object.wait}.
     */
    BLOCKED,

    /**
     * Thread state for a waiting thread.
     * A thread is in the waiting state due to calling one of the
     * following methods:
     * <ul>
     *   <li>{@link Object#wait() Object.wait} with no timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link #join() Thread.join} with no timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link LockSupport#park() LockSupport.park}</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * <p>A thread in the waiting state is waiting for another thread to
     * perform a particular action.
     *
     * For example, a thread that has called {@code Object.wait()}
     * on an object is waiting for another thread to call
     * {@code Object.notify()} or {@code Object.notifyAll()} on
     * that object. A thread that has called {@code Thread.join()}
     * is waiting for a specified thread to terminate.
     */
    WAITING,

    /**
     * Thread state for a waiting thread with a specified waiting time.
     * A thread is in the timed waiting state due to calling one of
     * the following methods with a specified positive waiting time:
     * <ul>
     *   <li>{@link #sleep Thread.sleep}</li>
     *   <li>{@link Object#wait(long) Object.wait} with timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link #join(long) Thread.join} with timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkNanos LockSupport.parkNanos}</li>
     *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkUntil LockSupport.parkUntil}</li>
     * </ul>
     */
    TIMED_WAITING,

    /**
     * Thread state for a terminated thread.
     * The thread has completed execution.
     */
    TERMINATED;
}
stateDiagram [*] --> New New --> Runnable : start() Runnable --> Blocked : acquire monitor lock Runnable --> Waiting : wait(), join(), park() Runnable --> Timed Waiting : wait(timeout), join(timeout), parkNanos(timeout) Blocked --> Runnable : obtain monitor lock Waiting --> Runnable : signaled or interrupted Timed Waiting --> Runnable : time elapses Runnable --> Terminated : run() completes

waiting vs blocked

blocked: 线程试图获取一个被其他线程持有的锁(monitor),但获取失败,导致线程被阻塞 被动进入 blocked 状态的

waiting: 线程主动调用了方法进入等待状态,等待其他线程的通知 (wait condition)

线程池

查看线程的状态

jstack -l